QTP Interview Questions continued...

1. Explain about the Test Fusion Report of QTP?
Once a tester has run a test, a Test Fusion report displays all aspects of the test run: a high-level results overview, an expandable Tree View of the test specifying exactly where application failures occurred, the test data used, application screen shots for every step that highlight any discrepancies, and detailed explanations of each checkpoint pass and failure. By combining Test Fusion reports with Quick Test Professional, you can share reports across an entire QA and development team.


2. Which environments does QTP support?
Quick Test Professional supports functional testing of all enterprise environments, including Windows, Web,..NET, Java/J2EE, SAP, Siebel, Oracle, PeopleSoft, Visual Basic, ActiveX, mainframe terminal emulators, and Web services.


3. What is QTP?
Quick Test is a graphical interface record-playback automation tool. It is able to work with any web, java or windows client application. Quick Test enables you to test standard web objects and ActiveX controls. In addition to these environments, Quick Test Professional also enables you to test Java applets and applications and multimedia objects on Applications as well as standard Windows applications, Visual Basic 6 applications and.NET framework applications


4. Explain QTP Testing process?
Quick Test testing process consists of 6 main phases:
Create your test plan - Prior to automating there should be a detailed description of the test including the exact steps to follow, data to be input, and all items to be verified by the test. The verification information should include both data validations and existence or state verifications of objects in the application.
Recording a session on your application - As you navigate through your application, Quick Test graphically displays each step you perform in the form of a collapsible icon-based test tree. A step is any user action that causes or makes a change in your site, such as clicking a link or image, or entering data in a form.
Enhancing your test - Inserting checkpoints into your test lets you search for a specific value of a page, object or text string, which helps you identify whether or not your application is functioning correctly. NOTE: Checkpoints can be added to a test as you record it or after the fact via the Active Screen. It is much easier and faster to add the checkpoints during the recording process. Broadening the scope of your test by replacing fixed values with parameters lets you check how your application performs the same operations with multiple sets of data. Adding logic and conditional statements to your test enables you to add sophisticated checks to your test.
Debugging your test - If changes were made to the script, you need to debug it to check that it operates smoothly and without interruption.
Running your test on a new version of your application - You run a test to check the behavior of your application. While running, Quick Test connects to your application and performs each step in your test.
Analyzing the test results - You examine the test results to pinpoint defects in your application.
Reporting defects - As you encounter failures in the application when analyzing test results, you will create defect reports in Defect Reporting Tool.


5. Explain the QTP Tool interface.
It contains the following key elements: Title bar, displaying the name of the currently open test, Menu bar, displaying menus of Quick Test commands, File toolbar, containing buttons to assist you in managing tests, Test toolbar, containing buttons used while creating and maintaining tests, Debug toolbar, containing buttons used while debugging tests. Note: The Debug toolbar is not displayed when you open Quick Test for the first time. You can display the Debug toolbar by choosing View — Toolbars — Debug. Action toolbar, containing buttons and a list of actions, enabling you to view the details of an individual action or the entire test flow. Note: The Action toolbar is not displayed when you open Quick Test for the first time. You can display the Action toolbar by choosing View — Toolbars — Action. If you insert a reusable or external action in a test, the Action toolbar is displayed automatically. Test pane, containing two tabs to view your test-the Tree View and the Expert View ,Test Details pane, containing the Active Screen. Data Table, containing two tabs, Global and Action, to assist you in parameterizing your test. Debug Viewer pane, containing three tabs to assist you in debugging your test-Watch Expressions, Variables, and Command. (The Debug Viewer pane can be opened only when a test run pauses at a breakpoint.) Status bar, displaying the status of the test.


6. How does QTP recognize Objects in AUT?
Quick Test stores the definitions for application objects in a file called the Object Repository. As you record your test, Quick Test will add an entry for each item you interact with. Each Object Repository entry will be identified by a logical name (determined automatically by Quick Test), and will contain a set of properties (type, name, etc) that uniquely identify each object. Each line in the Quick Test script will contain a reference to the object that you interacted with, a call to the appropriate method (set, click, check) and any parameters for that method (such as the value for a call to the set method). The references to objects in the script will all be identified by the logical name, rather than any physical, descriptive properties.

General Interview Questions on Software Testing (Part 3)

1. What is alpha and beta testing?

Alpha Test: Testing of an application when development is nearing completion; minor design changes may still be made as a result of such testing. Typically done by the end-users or others, not by the programmers or testers.
Beta Test: Testing when development and testing are essentially completed and final bugs and problems need to be found before final release. Typically done by the end-users or others, not by the programmers or testers.


2. Write the testing life cycle / test work flow for a project?

Risk Analysis,
Test Planning,
Test case Design,
Test Execution,
Test Logs,
Defect tracking and management.
Test report,
Test metrics collection.


3. What is Test Plan and what are the contents of a test plan?

A software project test plan is a document that describes the objectives, scope, approach, and focus of a software testing effort. Test Plan contains Objective/ Purpose, Scope, Project identification, Reference documents, Test Strategy, Test environment, level of test and test coverage, Types of testing, Acceptance criteria, Testing milestones, Defect tracking and management, Tools, Resources (System & Workers), Test deliverables (Test cases, Test logs, Test Summary reports, Test scripts), Metrics collection.


4. What are the techniques used for writing test cases?

Test Cases are written for each requirement.
Boundary value analysis,
Equivalence partitioning,
Error guessing.


5. What's a 'test case'?
   
A test case is a document that describes an input, action, or event and an expected response, to determine if a feature of an application is working correctly. A test case should contain particulars such as test case identifier, test case name, objective, test conditions/setup, input data requirements, steps, and expected results.

General Interview Questions on Software Testing (Part 2)

1. What is Unit Testing?
   Unit testing is the testing of individual components(units) of the Software. Unit testing is the most 'micro' scale of testing; to test particular functions or code modules. Typically done by the programmer and not by testers, as it requires detailed knowledge of the internal program design, logic and code. Not always easily done unless the application has a well-designed architecture with tight code; may require developing test driver modules or test harnesses. The test is based on coverage of code statements, paths, branches and conditions.


2. What is Integration Testing?
   It is the testing of combined parts of an application to determine if they function together correctly. The 'parts' can be code modules, individual applications, client and server applications on a network, etc. This type of testing is especially relevant to client/server and distributed systems.


3. Describe System Testing.
   The System testing is to test the System on its overall performance with the Requirements. It is a block-box type testing , which involves in checking the System for Functional requirements, Response time/Performance , Security, Load/Stress/Volume, Usability, Interoperability, etc., (Depends on Technology like eCom, Web, Client / Server, Embedded). Software once validated for meeting the functional requirements must be verified for proper interface with other system elements like hardware, database and people. It verifies that all these system elements mesh properly and the software achieves overall function/performance.
   
4. What is acceptance testing?
   Formal testing conducted to determine whether or not a system satisfies its acceptance criteria and to enable the customer to determine whether or not to accept the system. The goals of these tests are to verify actual data acceptance, processing, and retrieval, and the appropriate implementation of the business rules.


5. What is regression testing?
   Re-testing the application after bug fixes or modifications of the software or its environment.


6. How testing is different from debugging?
   Testing is more to do with establishing that defects exist in a software component or a system, Where as debugging is the action of isolating where the defect is. Thus testing and debugging are complementary activities.

General Interview Question on Software Testing

1. What is the 'software life cycle'?

   The life cycle begins when an application is first conceived and ends when it is no longer in use. It includes aspects such as initial concept, requirements analysis, functional design, internal design, documentation planning, test planning, coding, document preparation, integration, testing, maintenance, updates, retesting, phase-out, and other aspects.

2. What is software testing? What are the stages of testing available in SDLC? (Software Development Life Cycle).
   Testing involves operation of a system or application under controlled conditions and evaluating the results. Testing is to find out the Defects. The stages of testing are unit, integration, system and User acceptance testing.


3. What are the different types of testing you know?
   Black box testing / functional testing, White box testing, load testing, stress testing, volume testing, Sanity testing, performance testing, compatibility testing, security testing, database testing, installation testing, recovery testing, and component testing.


4. What is the difference between black box testing and white box testing?
   In black box testing, the test is based on requirements and functionality. The test is based on inputs, the required action and the output response without considering how the application works. In white box testing, the test is based on internal logic /design of the application code. The test is based on coverage of code statements, paths, branches and conditions.


5. What is verification and validation?, and IV & V?
   Verification refers to the set of activities that ensure that software correctly implements a specific function. It typically involves reviews and meetings to evaluate documents, plans, code, requirements, and specifications. This can be done with checklists, issues lists, walkthroughs, and inspection meetings.IV & V is independent validation and verification. Validation is achieved through a series of black-box tests that demonstrate conformity with requirements.

QTP Interview Questions...

1. What are the Features & Benefits of Quick Test Pro (QTP 8.0)?
   Operates stand-alone, or integrated into Mercury Business Process Testing and Mercury Quality Center. Introduces next-generation zero-configuration Keyword Driven testing technology in Quick Test Professional 8.0 allowing for fast test creation, easier maintenance, and more powerful data-driving capability. Identifies objects with Unique Smart Object Recognition, even if they change from build to build, enabling reliable unattended script execution. Collapses test documentation and test creation to a single step with Auto-documentation technology. Enables thorough validation of applications through a full complement of checkpoints.



2. How to handle the exceptions using recovery scenario manager in QTP?
   There are 4 trigger events during which a recovery scenario should be activated. A pop up window appears in an opened application during the test run: A property of an object changes its state or value, A step in the test does not run successfully, An open application fails during the test run, These triggers are considered as exceptions.You can instruct QTP to recover unexpected events or errors that occurred in your testing environment during test run. Recovery scenario manager provides a wizard that guides you through the defining recovery scenario. Recovery scenario has three steps: 1. Triggered Events 2. Recovery steps 3. Post Recovery Test-Run



3. What is the use of Text output value in QTP?
   Output values enable to view the values that the application talks during run time. When parameterized, the values change for each iteration. Thus by creating output values, we can capture the values that the application takes for each run and output them to the data table.



4. How to use the Object spy in QTP 8.0 version?
   There are two ways to Spy the objects in QTP: 1) Thru file toolbar, In the File Toolbar click on the last toolbar button (an icon showing a person with hat). 2) True Object repository Dialog, In Object repository dialog click on the button object spy. In the Object spy Dialog click on the button showing hand symbol. The pointer now changes in to a hand symbol and we have to point out the object to spy the state of the object if at all the object is not visible. or window is minimized then, hold the Ctrl button and activate the required window to and release the Ctrl button.



5. How Does Run time data (Parameterization) is handled in QTP?
   You can then enter test data into the Data Table, an integrated spreadsheet with the full functionality of Excel, to manipulate data sets and create multiple test iterations, without programming, to expand test case coverage. Data can be typed in or imported from databases, spreadsheets, or text files.



6. What is keyword view and Expert view in QTP?
   Quick Test’s Keyword Driven approach, test automation experts have full access to the underlying test and object properties, via an integrated scripting and debugging environment that is round-trip synchronized with the Keyword View. Advanced testers can view and edit their tests in the Expert View, which reveals the underlying industry-standard VBScript that Quick Test Professional automatically generates. Any changes made in the Expert View are automatically synchronized with the Keyword View.