General Interview Question on Software Testing

1. What is the 'software life cycle'?

   The life cycle begins when an application is first conceived and ends when it is no longer in use. It includes aspects such as initial concept, requirements analysis, functional design, internal design, documentation planning, test planning, coding, document preparation, integration, testing, maintenance, updates, retesting, phase-out, and other aspects.

2. What is software testing? What are the stages of testing available in SDLC? (Software Development Life Cycle).
   Testing involves operation of a system or application under controlled conditions and evaluating the results. Testing is to find out the Defects. The stages of testing are unit, integration, system and User acceptance testing.


3. What are the different types of testing you know?
   Black box testing / functional testing, White box testing, load testing, stress testing, volume testing, Sanity testing, performance testing, compatibility testing, security testing, database testing, installation testing, recovery testing, and component testing.


4. What is the difference between black box testing and white box testing?
   In black box testing, the test is based on requirements and functionality. The test is based on inputs, the required action and the output response without considering how the application works. In white box testing, the test is based on internal logic /design of the application code. The test is based on coverage of code statements, paths, branches and conditions.


5. What is verification and validation?, and IV & V?
   Verification refers to the set of activities that ensure that software correctly implements a specific function. It typically involves reviews and meetings to evaluate documents, plans, code, requirements, and specifications. This can be done with checklists, issues lists, walkthroughs, and inspection meetings.IV & V is independent validation and verification. Validation is achieved through a series of black-box tests that demonstrate conformity with requirements.